A Comparison of Heuristic Methods for Optimum Power Flow Considering Valve Point Effect

Optimum Power Flow (OPF) is one of the key considerations for planning, generation control and management of electric utility. Hence it is of major importance to solve OPF with minimum cost within reasonable computing time. This paper presents solutions of OPF with Valve Point Effect (OPF-VPE) using Genetic Algorithm (GA), Differential Evolution (DE), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). When steam valve starts to open in a turbine it changes generation curve. The valve point effect is considered by adding sine component to the quadratic cost function for OPF-VPE. Also, penalty function is added for generator violations. The common parameters of algorithms such as population size and the iteration number are selected same values for the comparison of algorithms for solving OPFVPE. Specific parameters are stated and used for each algorithm. The heuristic algorithms are examined on IEEE-30 bus system and convergence curves are demonstrated with the system results. Performances of each algorithm are discussed as regards optimizing fuel cost, iteration time and other system results

A Novel Design of Low-Voltage VDIBA and Filter Application

In this study, a low-voltage low-power design of previously introduced analog signal processing element called as Voltage Differencing Inverting Buffered Amplifier (VDIBA) is presented. Level shifter current mirrors are used in the circuit design in order to accomplish the low-voltage low-power operation. The configuration operates only with ±0.4 V supply voltages and consumes power 569 μW at the bias current 50 μA. Also, low-voltage transconductor which has highly linear gm is executed with the use of bulk-driven quasi-floating gate (BD-QFG) and source degeneration techniques. The simulations of the introduced circuit have been performed with 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS technology by SPICE. The theoretical approaches have been confirmed by the simulation results

Edge detection of highly distorted images suffering from impulsive noise

A new edge detection method for highly distorted images. which suffer from impulsive noise, is introduced. The proposed method comprises three main stages; analysis for the impulsive behavior of the image pixels, restoration of the pixels which have impulsive behavior and finally, estimation of the edges. The simulation results reveal that the proposed method shows better performance than the other methods mentioned in this paper in the cases of preserving the details and detecting the edges correctly and continuously, especially when the noise ratio is very high

Mixed-mode chaotic circuit and its application to chaotic communication for transmission of analog signals

We present a mixed-mode chaotic circuit which has both autonomous and nonautonomous chaotic circuit dynamics and we show how this mixed-mode chaotic circuit can be utilized in a chaotic communication system for transmitting analog signals. The investigation of static and dynamic analyses of the proposed circuit has been carried out and its chaotic behavior was verified by PSpice simulation experiments. For the transmission of analog signals via mixed-mode chaotic circuit, a well-known chaotic communication system introduced by Itoh et al. was chosen

Experimental confirmation of SC-CNN-based chaotic masking system

In this study experimental results of State Controlled Cellular Neural Network (SC-CNN)-based chaotic masking system are presented. By means of this study, the chaotic masking system with feedback algorithm in SC-CNN-based circuit is experimentally proved

Impulsive noise suppression from highly distorted images with triangular interpolants

In this paper a new filter, Triangular Interpolant Based Impulsive Noise Suppression Filter (SF), is proposed to restore images corrupted by fixed valued impulsive noise (IN). The proposed filter comprises two main stages: detection of noise and restoration of corrupted pixels. The SF achieves the restoration of the detected noisy pixels by using one of the Triangular Interpolant techniques and leaves the other pixels unaltered. Simulation results reveal that the proposed filter shows better performance than the highly approved IN suppression filters across a wide noise density ranging from 10% to 90%. The proposed filter also perfectly achieves the robustness and detail preservation with reduced computational complexity

n-Double scrolls in SC-CNN circuit via diode-based PWL function

In this paper n-double scroll generating via diode-based PieceWise-Linear (PWL) circuit in State Controlled Cellular Neural Network (SC-CNN) is presented. It has been shown that by using simple diode-based configurations; alternative nonlinear circuit configurations for chaotic circuits and PWL-based systems can be used in the generation of n-double scrolls. With this study, while the analysis of the nonlinear block in the SC-CNN-based circuit is simplified, the implementation cost of the circuit is also reduced. Pspice simulations are proved with experimental studies

A simple CMOS-based membership function circuit

In this study, design and analysis of a voltage-input current-output simple CMOS-based Membership Function Circuit (MFC) is presented. The proposed MFC is based on simple OTA structure and current-mode maximum circuits. This MFC implements basic four membership functions (trapezoidal, triangle, Z-shape and S-shape). The characteristics (width, height, slope and position) of the implemented membership functions are easily adjustable and it is suitable for current-mode fuzzy hardware. While the circuit's membership function characteristics have been confirmed by PSPICE-DC simulations, the circuit's transient response has been analyzed applying up to 10 MHz input signals in continuous time by PSPICE Transient simulations

Impulsive noise suppression from images with the noise exclusive filter

A novel impulsive noise elimination filter, entitled noise exclusive filter (NEF), which shows a high performance at the restoration of images distorted by impulsive noise, is proposed in this paper. NEF uses chi-square goodness-of-fit test in order to detect the corrupted pixels more accurately. Simulation results show that the proposed filter achieves a superior performance compared with the other filters mentioned in this paper in terms of noise suppression and detail preservation, particularly when the noise density is very high. The proposed method also achieves the robustness and detail preservation perfectly for a wide range of impulsive noise density. NEF provides efficient filtering performance with reduced computational complexity